Draw Concavity of Semi Circle

To create a 3D model in SketchUp, y'all're constantly switching among the drawing tools, views, components, and organizational tools. In this article, you lot observe several examples that illustrate ways you tin utilise these tools together to model a specific shape or object.

The examples illustrate a few of the unlike applications for creating 3D models in SketchUp: woodworking, modeling parts or abstruse objects, and creating buildings. The examples are loosely ordered from the elementary to the circuitous.

Table of Contents

1. Drawing a chair
2. Drawing a bowl, dome, or sphere
3. Creating a cone
4. Creating a pyramidal hipped roof
5. Modeling a building from a footprint
6. Creating a polyhedron

Drawing a chair

In the following video, you see three means to describe a 3D model of a chair. In the start 2 examples, you see two methods for creating the aforementioned chair:

• Subtractive: Extrude a rectangle to the height of the chair. Then utilize the Button/Pull tool () to cut away the chair shape.
• Condiment: Start by modeling the chair seat. And so extrude the back and the legs with the Push/Pull tool.

In the 3rd example, y'all run into how to create a more than detailed and complex model, using components to simplify modeling the chair legs and rungs on the back of the chair.

Tip: You tin use the tips and techniques demonstrated in these chair examples to create all sorts of other complex 3D models.

Cartoon a bowl, dome, or sphere

In this example, you wait at one mode to draw a bowl and how to apply the technique for creating a bowl to a dome or sphere.

In a nutshell, to create bowl, yous describe a circumvolve on the ground plane and a contour of the bowl's shape directly above the circle. So you lot use the Follow Me tool to turn the outline into a bowl by having information technology follow the original circle on the ground plane.

Hither's how the procedure works, step-by-pace:

1. With the Circle tool (), draw a circumvolve on the ground plane. These steps are easier if you lot outset from the cartoon axes origin indicate. The size of this circle doesn't thing.
2. Hover the mouse cursor over the origin so that the cursor snaps to the origin and then movement the cursor upwardly the blue axis.
3. Starting from the blue centrality, describe a circle perpendicular to the circle on the basis plane (that is, locked to the red or greenish axis). To encourage the inference, orbit so that the dark-green or red axis runs approximately left to right forth the screen. If the Circle tool doesn't stay in the green or ruby-red inference management, press and hold the Shift primal to lock the inference. The radius of this 2d circle represents the outside radius of your basin.
4. With the Start tool (), create an first of this second circle. The offset altitude represents the basin thickness. Check out the following figure to run into how your model looks at this bespeak.
   
5. With the Line tool (), depict two lines: one that divides the outer circle in one-half and one that divides the inner circle that yous created with the Outset tool.
6. With the Eraser tool (), erase the pinnacle half of the second circumvolve and the face that represents the within of the basin. When you lot're done, yous have a profile of the bowl.
7. With the Select tool (), select the edge of the circle on the footing plane. This is the path the Follow Me tool volition use to consummate the bowl.
8. With the Follow Me tool (), click the profile of the bowl. Your bowl is complete and you tin delete the circle on the ground plane. The post-obit figure shows the bowl profile on the left and the basin on the right.

Annotation: Why do you have to depict ii lines to divide the offset circles? When you describe a circle using the Circle tool (or a bend using the Arc tool, or a curved line using the Freehand tool), you are actually drawing a circle (or arc or bend) entity, which is fabricated of multiple-segments that human action like a single whole. To delete a portion of a circumvolve, arc, or curve entity segment, yous need to break the continuity. The starting time line you draw creates endpoints that suspension the segments in the outer circle, but not the inner circle. Drawing the second line across the inner circumvolve breaks the inner circle into two continuous lines.

You can use these same steps to create a dome by but drawing your profile upside down. To create a sphere, you don't need to change the 2d circle to create a profile at all. Check out the post-obit video run into how to create a sphere.

Creating a cone

In SketchUp, you tin create a cone by resizing a cylinder face or by extruding a triangle forth a circular path with the Follow Me tool.

To create a cone from a cylinder, follow these steps:

1. With the Circumvolve tool, draw a circle.
2. Use the Button/Pull tool to extrude the circle into a cylinder.
3. Select the Move tool ().
4. Click a central bespeak on the height border of the cylinder, as shown on the left in the effigy. A cardinal indicate is aligned with the red or green axis and acts as a resize handle. To find a cardinal point, hover the Movement tool cursor around the border of the summit cylinder; when the circle edge highlighting disappears, this indicates a cardinal indicate.
5. Move the border to its middle until it shrinks into the point of a cone.
6. Click at the heart to consummate the cone, every bit shown on the left in the figure.

Hither are the steps to model a cone by extruding a triangle forth a circular path:

1. Draw a circle on the footing plane. You lot'll detect it'due south easier to align your triangle with the circle's center if you offset drawing the circle from the axes origin.
2. With the Line tool (), draw a triangle that'south perpendicular to the circumvolve. (Come across the left image in the following effigy.
3. With the Select tool (), select the face of the circumvolve.
4. Select the Follow Me tool () and click the triangle face, which creates a cone well-nigh instantaneously (every bit long as your computer has the sufficient memory). You can see the cone on the right in the following figure.

Creating a pyramidal hipped roof

In SketchUp, y'all can easily draw a hipped roof, which is just a simple pyramid. For this instance, y'all run into how to add together the roof to a elementary one-room house, besides.

To draw a pyramid (pull up a pyramidal hipped roof):

1. With the Rectangle tool (), depict a rectangle large enough to cover your building. To create a true pyramid, create a square instead of a rectangle. The SketchUp inference engine tells you when y'all're rectangle is a square or a golden section.
2. With the Line tool (), draw a diagonal line from one corner to its reverse corner.
3. Draw another diagonal line from one corner to another. In the figure, you see how the lines create an X. The example shows the faces in 10-Ray view and then yous can see how the rectangle covers the floor plan.
   
4. Select the Move tool () and hover over the eye point until a dark-green inference betoken is displayed.
5. Click the middle point.
6. Move the cursor in the blue direction (upwardly) to pull upwardly the roof or pyramid, equally shown in the figure. If yous demand to lock the motion in the blue management, press the Up Arrow fundamental every bit you move the cursor.
7. When your roof or pyramid is at the desired height, click to stop the move.

Tip: When you're creating a model of house or multistory building, organize the walls and roof or each floor of your building into separate groups. That manner, you tin can edit them separately, or hide your roof in club to peer into the interior floor plan. Encounter Organizing a Model for details almost groups.

In SketchUp, the easiest way to offset a 3D edifice model is with its footprint. Subsequently you have a footprint, yous can subdivide the footprint and extrude each section to the correct meridian.

Hither are a few tips for finding a edifice's footprint:

• If you lot're modeling an existing building, trace the outline of the building with the drawing tools. Unless the building is obscured past trees, y'all can observe an aerial photo on Google Maps and trace a snapshot. From within SketchUp, y'all tin capture images from Google and load them directly into a model, equally shown in the post-obit figure.
• If you don't accept an aerial photo of the existing building you want to model, you may demand to endeavour the old fashioned route: measuring the exterior to create the footprint and cartoon the footprint from scratch. If literally taking measurements of an entire building is impractical, you can employ tricks such as using the measurement of a unmarried brick to guess overall dimensions or taking a photo with an object or person whose length yous exercise know. Run across Measuring Angles and Distances to Model Precisely for more details.

If you're able to starting time with a snapshot of your footprint, the following steps guide you through the process of tracing that footprint. Kickoff, set up your view of the snapshot:

1. Select Camera > Standard Views > Height from the carte du jour bar.
2. Select Camera > Zoom Extents to brand sure y'all tin see everything in your file.
3. Employ the Pan and Zoom tools to frame a skillful view of top of the building that you want to model. Y'all need to exist able to see the building clearly in guild to trace its footprint. Encounter Viewing a Model for details about using these tools.
4. Choose View > Face up Style > Ten-Ray from the menu bar. In Ten-Ray view, y'all can run across the height view of the building through the faces that you draw to create the footprint.

After you set up your snapshot, try the techniques in the following steps to trace the edifice footprint:

1. Set the drawing axes to a corner of your building. Encounter Adjusting the Drawing Axes for details.
2. With the Rectangle tool (), draw a rectangle that defines office of your building. Click a corner and then click an opposite corner to draw the rectangle. If your edifice outline includes non–90-degree corners, curves or other shapes that you tin't trace with the Rectangle tool, use whichever other drawing tools you need to trace your building's footprint.
3. Go on drawing rectangles (or lines and arcs) until the entire building footprint is defined by overlapping or side by side rectangles, equally shown on the left in the following figure. Make certain there aren't any gaps or holes; if there are, fill them in with more rectangles.
4. With the Eraser tool (), delete all the edges in the interior of the building footprint. When you're done, y'all should have a unmarried face defined past a perimeter of straight edges. You may want to turn off 10-Ray view, equally shown on the right in the following figure, in order to run across your faces and final footprint conspicuously.
   
5. Some elementary buildings take a single outside wall meridian, but most take more than than one. After you complete the footprint, utilise the Line tool to subdivide your building footprint into multiple faces, each corresponding to a unlike exterior wall height, as shown in the post-obit effigy. So, you tin can utilise the Push/Pull tool () to extrude each area to the right edifice acme.

Creating a polyhedron

In this example, you see how to create a polyhedron, which repeats faces aligned around an centrality.

To illustrate how you can create a circuitous shape with basic repeating elements, this example shows y'all how to create a polyhedron called a rhombicosidodecahedron, which is fabricated from pentagons, squares, and triangles, as shown in the figure.

The following steps explain how to create this shape past repeating faces around an axis:

1. Establish the correct angle between the first foursquare and the pentagon, and betwixt the outset triangle and the square. See Measuring Angles and Distances to Model Precisely for details about measuring angles with the Protractor tool.
2. Marking the exact heart point of the pentagon, which is shown here on a light-green surface that has been temporarily added to the pentagon component. This is the axis effectually which the copies will be aligned.
   
3. Make the foursquare and triangle components, and and then grouping the two components. For details well-nigh components, meet Developing Components and Dynamic Components. To learn about groups, encounter Organizing a Model.
4. Preselect the objects that you want to copy and rotate (in this case, the group you lot just created).
5. Select the Rotate tool ().
6. Align the Rotate cursor with the pentagon face and click the middle point of the pentagon, as shown in the following effigy.
   
7. Click the Rotate cursor at the point where the tips of the foursquare, triangle, and pentagon come together.
8. Printing the Ctrl key to toggle on the Rotate tool's copy function. The Rotate cursor changes to include a plus sign (+).
9. Move the cursor to rotate the selection around the centrality. If yous originally clicked the point where the tips of the square, triangle, and pentagon came together, the new group snaps into its new position, as shown in the following effigy.
   
10. Click to terminate the rotate operation.
11. Keep rotating copies around the axis until the shape is complete. As you lot build the rhombicosidodecahedron, you need to group dissimilar components together, and rotate copies of those groups around diverse component faces.

Tip: If the component you are rotating effectually is not on the red, green, or blue plane, make sure the Rotate tool's cursor is aligned with the face of the component before you click the middle bespeak. When the cursor is aligned, press and agree the Shift primal to lock that alignment as you move the cursor to the heart indicate.

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Source: https://help.sketchup.com/en/sketchup/modeling-specific-shapes-objects-and-building-features-3d

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